Induction Motor Operation

The operating principle of a 3 phase induction motor is based on the production of rmf. When the primary winding or stator is connected to a three phase alternating current supply it establishes a rotating magnetic field which rotates at a synchronous speed.

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Induction motors finds various applications in industries and household equipments.

Induction motor operation. In the case of three phase ac alternating current operation the most widely used motor is a 3 phase induction motor as this type of motor does not require an additional starting device. The term excitation means the process of inducing the magnetic field on the parts of the motor. Construction of 3 phase ac induction motor stator part of this motor is created by highly permeable steel lamination inside a frame which constructs on steel or cast iron.

In theory induction motors can have any number of phases. The principle of operation of induction motor figure 94 shows the cross sectional view of an induction motor. When the three phase supply is given to the stator the rotating magnetic field produced on it.

The stator of an induction motor consists of a number of overlapping windings offset by an electrical angle of 1200. The stator is fed from a 3 phase supply of voltage vphase and frequency f hz. Production of a rotating magnetic field.

In an induction motor the electric current in the rotor needed to produce torque is obtained via electromagnetic induction from the rotating magnetic field of the stator winding. Normally induction motor has two main parts which are stator and rotorthe stator is stationary part of the motor and the rotor is the rotating part of this motor. The induction motor is the single excited motor ie the supply is applied only to the one part ie stator.

The rotor is wound 3 phase for as many poles as the stator and is short circuited. It is typically around 20 to 60 of the full load current of the motor. The rotor of an induction motor can be a squirrel cage rotor or wound type rotor.

Such machine requires magnetic fields for its functioning hence it draws magnetizing current from the source. Induction motors are the most commonly used motors in many applications. These are also called as asynchronous motors because an induction motor always runs at a speed lower than synchronous speed.

The magnetizing current is the current that establishes the flux in the air gap of an induction motor and this is independent of the load on the motor. Principle of operation of induction motor. These types of motors are known as self starting induction motors.

Synchronous speed means the speed of the rotating magnetic field in the stator. Many single phase motors having two windings can be viewed as two phase motors since a capacitor is used to generate a second power phase 900 from the single phase supply and feeds it to the second motor winding. Induction motors are most commonly run on single phase or three phase power but two phase motors exist.